Israel launched, on Saturday night, June 14, 2025, air attacks targeting Iranian capacity facilities, including the “Southern Pars” gas field, the largest natural gas field in the world, fuel warehouses and oil refineries in Tehran. The shelling led to the outbreak of fires and partial production, which raised fears of universal energy supplies.
On Friday, the military escalation began with Israeli attacks on military and nuclear sites inside Iran, and the assassination of a number of leaders and scholars, prompting Tehran to respond to the launch of missiles and drones on Israeli cities. The confrontations resulted in the killing of dozens of people in Iran, at least 20 children, and 10 dead in Israel, in addition to more than 800 injured from both sides.
These developments warn of a broad regional escalation, amid warnings of serious impacts on the global oil markets, in light of mutual threats of more strikes. Iranian energy facilities remain a strategic goal in this conflict, because of its importance in stabilizing the global energy market.
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What are the main facilities targeted by Israeli attacks?
Iran is ranked second in the world in terms of installed natural gas reserves, and the third rank in crude oil reserves, according to the US Energy Information Department, and its energy infrastructure has always been a possible target for Israel.
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Before the recent escalation in their struggle, Israel had largely avoided targeting Iranian energy facilities, due to the pressure of its allies, including the United States, due to the risks that might result from any attack of this kind on global oil and gas prices.
But things have changed now. On Friday, Israeli Defense Minister Yisrael Katz warned that if Iran responded to its attacks, “Tehran will burn.”
Late Saturday, major fires erupted at the two sides of the Iranian capital: in the fuel and gas depots “two months” northwest of Tehran, and in one of the largest Iranian oil refineries in “irrigation” south of the city.
While the Iranian student news network later denied that Israel targeted the “irrigation” refinery, and claimed that it was still working, but it admitted that a fuel tank outside the refinery had caught. The network did not explain what ignited the fire.
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However, the Iranian Oil Ministry confirmed that Israel targeted the “two -month” warehouse, as firefighters are still trying to control the fire.
The Israeli air attacks also targeted the “southern Pars” field off the coast of Bushehr Governorate, in southern Iran. The largest gas field in the world is the source of two -thirds of Iran’s gas production, which is consumed locally.
The strikes resulted in significant damage and fires in the natural gas processing facility in the 14th stage, and the marine production platform that produces 12 million cubic meters per day was arrested, according to the semi -official Tasnim news agency.
In a separate Israeli attack, the fire in the “Fajr Gyt” gas factory, one of the largest Iranian treatment facilities, also broke out in Bushehr Governorate, which treats fuel from the “southern Pars” field. The Iranian Ministry of Oil confirmed that the facility was attacked.
Why are these facilities important?
The “two -month” oil warehouse is one of the largest and most important fuel storage and distribution centers in Tehran. The warehouse has a vital role in ensuring the continuity of fuel supplies to all parts of the city. Where its storage capacity is approximately 260 million liters through 11 reservoirs, making it one of the main pillars in the urban fuel network in the capital. He is responsible for distributing gasoline, diesel, and aircraft fuel to several stations in northern Tehran.
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As for the Tehran refinery, which is located to the south of Tehran in the “irrigation” area, which is run by Tehran to refine the state -owned oil, it is one of the oldest refineries of the country, and has a refining capacity of approximately 225 thousand barrels per day. Experts warn that any disruption of this facility, whether due to attacks or any other reason, may lead to tension in fuel logistics and a severe crisis in the most densely populated “irrigation” area in Iran.
To the south, the “southern Pars” gas field in the Gulf contains about 1260 trillion cubic feet of refundable gas, representing nearly 20% of the well -known global reserves. This field produces the largest part of the gas consumed by the local market, and its disruption will affect the productive capacity of electricity and many vital industries in the country.
Meanwhile, the attack on the “Fajr Gyt” gas refinery in Bushehr province also threatens to disable local electricity and fuel supplies in Iran, especially for the southern and central governorates, which are really tremendous pressures. Electricity interruptions cost the economy about $ 250 million per day, according to government estimates.
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Global markets are unstable
In light of the escalating tensions in global markets, Iranian officials have indicated that they are studying the possibility of closing the Strait of Hormuz amid the escalation of the conflict with Israel, a step that will lead to a sharp rise in oil prices.
The Strait of Hormuz is the only sea entrance to the Gulf, and it constitutes a strategic danger to the global economy, through which about 20% of global oil consumption passes. This strait, which separates Iran from Oman and the UAE, is a vital artery for global energy trade. According to the US Energy Information Administration report, it is considered “the most important oil transit point in the world”, and this description reflects the role of the vital strait in securing energy supplies for many major countries.
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On Friday, the Israeli attacks, which avoided targeting Iranian oil and gas installations on the first day of the fighting, led to 9% raising oil prices before it calmed down a little. Analysts expect prices to rise sharply when oil markets will open again on Monday.
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Alan Air, a prominent diplomatic colleague at the Middle East Institute, told Al -Jazeera that Israel is trying to push the United States to participate in its attacks on Iran. He said: “In the end, the best scenario for Israel is an encouragement, if not changing the Iranian regime, then at least to overthrow it.”
In his analysis, Air added that Iran, despite its strong military reactions, is facing great challenges in this conflict, as he said: “Iran’s options are very limited; it must respond militarily to save face in internally, but it is unlikely that Iran will be able to cause sufficient damage to Israel internally or pressure enough to stop the bombing.”
According to Air, “Iran does not have many allies in the international community and even if it has, as Israel has shown that it is not ready to listen to international opinion,” which increases the complexity of the crisis and makes it more dangerous in the political and global diplomacy.
