Strategic weapons follow a curved path after the launch, starting with a strong payment using solid fuel or liquid, and then flying at high speeds of 24,000 km per hour, before returning to the ground due to gravity. It differs in its intercontinental transnational range, and is often prepared to carry nuclear warheads.
Facility and manufacturing
The start of the first ballistic missile during World War II, by German engineer Werner von Brown, who invented the “2-2” missile, was inspired by Newton’s third law to push the missile.
The “V2” missile is one of the first ballistic missiles, and was first used in 1944 to bomb the British capital, London.
Work mechanism
At launch, the engine generates a huge pushing force accompanied by intense glow and dense smoke cloud, and after the fuel runs out the engine is separated from the main body of the missile, which continues to fly in a ballistic path outside the atmosphere.
Upon reaches the maximum height, the missile begins to land very quickly towards its target, and during this stage it may launch fake targets to disperse the air defenses, then firing the warhead.
The ballistic missiles pass 3 main stages from the moment of launch until the target injury:
The initial stage begins as soon as the missile is launched and depends on the force of the payment resulting from the burning of fuel, whether it is solid or liquid, to generate a great acceleration that is sufficient to penetrate the atmosphere. This stage lasts between 3 to 5 minutes and ends with the stop of the engine.
After that, the missile enters the middle stage, in which it continues to climb without an additional payment until it reaches the maximum height of its path, then it begins to decline due to gravity, this stage is the longest chronology, and it may extend about 20 minutes in the case of long -range missiles.
Finally, in the final stage, the war head is separated from the main body of the missile and returns to the atmosphere at a tremendous speed, heading towards its specified goal with high accuracy, and the stage is concluded with an explosion or collision, and often does not exceed one minute.
Species
Bolist missiles are classified into 4 main types, according to their ability to infect targets:
- Short -range ballistic missiles: It is no more than one thousand kilometers.
- Medium range ballistic missiles: It has the ability to reach goals located between a thousand and 3 thousand kilometers.
- Long -range ballistic missiles: Its range of 3 thousand to 5500 km.
- Intercontinental ballistic missiles: It has the ability to cross continents, overcome international borders, and hit targets located more than 5,500 km.
Military capabilities
Bolist missiles are the pillars of the deterrent military power in modern defense strategies, due to their high destructive capabilities, great speed and diversity of patterns of use.
The ballistic missile consists of a strong engine and a structure with fuel tanks along with accurate electronic systems, control and computing units, as well as navigation systems, advanced sensing and a warhead that can be provided with traditional, chemical, nuclear and biological charges.
Addressing these missiles requires sophisticated monitoring and objection systems, including artificial satellites equipped with accurate sensors, tracking systems capable of discovering and pursuing the glow of launch and the ballistic path in real time, along with highly efficient driving and control systems and high -speed interception missiles.
Some ballistic missiles reinforce their multi -target vehicle technology, at which time a single missile can carry several warheads launched in the landing phase to target multiple locations, which makes it difficult for defense and confrontation.
Thanks to this combination of destructive ability, speed and technology, ballistic missiles are used as an effective strategic deterrent tool, and these missiles are released from 3 main platforms: from land (via silos or mobile platforms), submarines, and from air bombers.
The difference between ballistic missiles and vocal excessive
Overlooking missiles are distinguished from the ballistic missiles by their ability to maneuver and void air defenses, as you can fly at speeds exceeding 5 times the speed of sound, with their ability to change their path during flying, even when they enter the atmosphere, unlike the ballistic missiles that follow a steadfastly skilled path that is subject to attract And objection to physical calculations.