Turkish MPs opened the doors of NATO to Sweden on Tuesday and should definitively validate its entry without delay, after approval of the Accession Protocol in exchange for a possible American commitment on the F-16 planes.
The Foreign Affairs Committee of the parliament in Ankara approved the text after 19 months of suspense and transmitted it to the Plenary Assembly for final adoption, a formality which should follow in the coming hours or days but at some point – or a date – which has not yet been specified.
Turkey was the last member of the Atlantic Alliance with Hungary to block Sweden’s path, multiplying demands and pretexts to justify its reluctance.
A decision immediately welcomed by Swedish Foreign Minister Tobias Billström: “We look forward to becoming a member of NATO”he told the public television site SVT Nyheter.
Sweden had submitted its application at the same time as Finland – admitted in April – after the start of the Russian war in Ukraine.
“We are seeing a change in Sweden’s policy, some decisions adopted by the courts”noted Monday on the private channel NTV Fuat Oktay, AKP deputy (the ruling party), chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Turkish Parliament.
“We still had some requests for additional progress” in terms of the fight against terrorism, he added without further details.
“Terrorists” and American F16
President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has objected since the start of the process to Stockholm’s supposed leniency towards certain Kurdish groups, which he considers terrorists.
Above all, it seems that after a long silence from Washington, a telephone interview in mid-December with American President Joe Biden finally overcame Mr. Erdogan’s reluctance.
Announced as a mere formality in November, including by Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan, who spoke of “a few weeks”the examination of the accession protocol had collapsed after a single meeting.
At the beginning of December, Mr. Erdogan then added as a condition for Ankara’s ratification that, “simultaneous”by the American Congress of the sale of F-16 fighter planes to Turkey.
“All this is linked”he warned.
Turkey had already played this card to try to obtain an American green light for the sale of F-16s, which it needs to modernize its air force.
The American government is not hostile to this sale but Congress has blocked it until now for political reasons, including tensions with Greece – also a member of NATO – with which Ankara has recently become closer.
“It now seems clear that the two processes will move forward in parallel”the director of the German Marshall Fund in Ankara, Ozgur Unluhisarcikli, told AFP.
But, “Although the issues are unrelated, statements by Turkey – and its president – supporting Hamas have further complicated the F-16 sales process”notes the expert.
According to him, “There is no real consensus within the Parliament, nor in the American Congress.”
“But if Messrs. Biden and Erdogan demonstrate the required will, we can hope for a near outcome.”