Marrakech – Whoever visits the city of Marrakesh from the environmental researchers, cannot condone the existence of channels that were used to bring fresh water for many kilometers from the surrounding areas, to reach the city and are distributed in a deliberate manner to a number of biomed facilities, and their exploitation in watering green spaces, cultivated or in the daily use of citizens.
The rhetoric is a traditional water system that reflects the experience of the Moroccan person in managing water, and it was closely related to traditional gardens such as Al -Manara Gardens and Adeer and the same space and have large water tanks, or small gardens in traditional homes (Riyadh), and public green spaces (Al -Araisi and Al -Shaniyah), which represents a sustainable model for environmental organization.
Moroccan researcher Abdel -Razzaq Nahid says in an interview with Al -Jazeera that the establishment of human civilization is linked to the presence of water throughout the ages and in all places, and so was the case with the presence of ribbons in Marrakech and its Ahwaz.
In his book “The Persons of the Past, the Present, and the Future,” Nahad, Nahed, the saying, is the saying of the Moroccan researcher known in the field of the environment, Mohamed Al -Fayez, in which he considered that the city of Marrakech is the gift of rhetoric, as it was “Egypt the gift of the Nile River”, according to Herodort.
Sustainable irrigation system
The history of Marrakesh is weaved and the history of this underground network spread under its urban fabric is a common legend, as the researcher Nahed expressed, highlighting that the red city civilization was built in the heart of drought, which raises a lot of attention and admiration.
For his part, the Moroccan researcher in social history, Rashid Shahmi, confirms to Al -Jazeera Net that Marrakesh was known as the heat, and “in it the bird falls from its intensity” as it is said, but the Almoravids were able to turn it into a green paradise in Fih after they brought water to it from the Atlas Mountains surrounding the rhetoric, and the palm oasis in Marrakesh became the joy of the viewers and the oasis of the hikers.
He adds that in addition to being a waterproof or irrigation facility or irrigation, diverting and folding water, it is also an ecosystem that maintains the quality of water through the ventilation hole and also maintains air moisture as it is an effective means of transporting water from a distance without evaporation.
For its part, the Moroccan Academy, Hanan Hammouda, tells Al -Jazeera Net that the risk in Morocco contributed to the confrontation of the problem of the scarcity of water resources, given that the oasis community produced a local customary distribution system for the waters of the danger, based mainly on the management of scarcity and privileges, by adhering to the inhabitants of Moroccan oases to apply the laws and norms of ancient water.
Environmental laboratories
Dresses in the city of Marrakesh are very ancient natural and environmental laboratories, which have caused the attention of many researchers in a field that distinguishes water scarcity, as is the case in a number of Moroccan oases.
The risk system, also called in the south of Morocco, depends on the transmission of water through mystical channels, interspersed with hollows or hole for ventilation, relying on the topography.
The Moroccan Academy Souad Belkiziz indicates in an interview with Al -Jazeera Net that the researchers noticed that Marrakesh has a unique geographical location in a sedimentary cone surrounded by mountain ranges, allowing water to flow from the ground layers and valleys, which is an intersection point for several water reservoirs that were exploited thanks to the genius of the design of the rhetoric.
She adds that these facilities play an essential role in the water balance in the region, as their design under the surface makes them able to direct water to the agricultural areas without waste or excessive evaporation, and therefore it is a model for the sustainable management of water resources, and to maintain environmental systems.
While the researcher Hammouda adds that the sustainable measure of the risk water cycle adopts a specific cycle and timing, and a special and strict hour, which he monitors and watches the Sheikh of the Khattara, with social controls and rules that control the distribution of individual shares of water. The water is distributed in succession and according to the shares system.
Evolution and steadfastness
Renewed interest in the notifications is not limited to its genius engineering and its historical role in managing the scarcity of water resources, but rather it becomes an inspiration for future solutions in the face of climate change.
Hanan Hammouda, a consultant at the Moftah Al -Saad Foundation (a non -governmental institution concerned with water heritage), emphasizes the great international appreciation that the rhetoric has, for its social genius in its economy philosophy of water and its preservation of Jovia, and its role in preserving the social link of the ancient Moroccan oases.
She highlights that scientific research is considered by admiration for this customary and historical water technology, as there are many international scientific experiences that try to transfer experiences, knowledge, and the techniques of building the ground wells of the dangers and methods of delivering water from the “source” to the “bank”, while recognizing the extent of its effectiveness in withstanding the wave of climatic changes and structural drought, based on its metastal philosophy.
The researcher, Abdul Razzaq Nahed, confirms that this renewed interest in risk must be justified with multidisciplinary research and restoration projects and heritage preservation projects that integrate and preserve the protection and preservation of this technology while promoting it as heritage, with the involvement of various actors.
This should take into account the underground hydraulic peculiarities, and the eye takes into account the various temporal and spatial dimensions of this traditional technique of irrigation and the needs of each region of Moroccan soil.
Environmental efficiency
With the escalation of water pressure, the need to rehabilitate the traditional rhetoric and gardens arise as a step towards adopting sustainable solutions based on the principles of green engineering.
The Balkziz Academy believes that although it is difficult to implement the rhetoric today due to the complexity of its construction, which requires a large working force, it has the ability to inspire modern hydraulic works.
And she points out that the water road project in Morocco is a prominent example of this inspiration, as water was transported from north to the south, taking advantage of the old methods to face contemporary water challenges.
Belkiziz asserts that this project applies a similar approach to the creation of underground channels, to improve the efficiency of water transport and reduce the environmental impact, in line with the basic principles of stripes, especially the sustainable and effective water management.
In turn, Moroccan researcher Abdel -Razzaq Nahedh says that the rhetoric is a typical reference for engineering in water management, so they should be revived by integrating them into water projects through the adoption of a local and environmental water technology.
It indicates that it represents a brilliant global invention, and should be protected with the aim of transferring collective memory in the framework of sustainable development, which would preserve and restore consideration to a heritage that reflects Moroccan culture and values.
